What Exactly Is Torque in A Truck Engine?

Introduction

Before buying a commercial vehicle for your business, careful consideration is necessary. This is because the purchase is a significant investment, and hence, the vehicle should deliver long-term value. Furthermore, its efficiency is paramount, as it will directly impact the effectiveness of your operations and contribute to the overall profitability of your business.

One of the most crucial factors to consider is the engine specifications, as they are the core driving force of the vehicle. Torque is a key engine specification that should not be overlooked. Torque plays a crucial role in the engine’s acceleration and hauling capacity, both of which significantly impact the vehicle's overall performance.

This blog provides a detailed explanation of torque.

What Is Torque?

Torque is the force that causes an object to rotate on its axis.

In a truck, torque is produced in the internal combustion chamber of an engine. Specifically, the pistons in the internal combustion chamber move up and down, making several strokes. This generates energy, which is converted into rotational force, resulting in torque. Eventually, the torque gets transmitted to the driver’s wheel, facilitating its movement.

Ideally, torque is a measure of the amount of work the engine can do. The more torque an engine produces, the better its ability to accelerate or move heavy loads. Additionally, torque affects the vehicle's performance at low speeds. An engine that produces more torque at lower RPMs is considered powerful, even at reduced speeds.

How To Calculate Truck Engine Torque?

Calculating torque is simple. You can calculate it by employing the following formula:

Torque = Force x Distance

The formula stands for the following:

• Torque is the rotational force that churns energy.
• Force – The force applied to the object causes it to rotate.
• Distance – Distance from the pivot point or axis of rotation.

Once the torque is calculated, it is expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).

What Are the Factors Influencing Torque?

• Engine size:

  A larger engine size allows more fuel to be injected into the piston with each stroke, increasing torque and significantly enhancing vehicle performance.

• Piston length:

  A longer piston head extends the lever arm, improving acceleration and propelling the vehicle further.

• Reliability of engine components:

  Engine efficiency and reliability directly impact the torque generated. In the case of engine damage, torque production will be compromised.

How Torque Affects Truck Engine Performance?

• Acceleration –

  The engine requires power to start the vehicle, and torque plays a crucial role in this process. As noted, the generated rotational force initiates wheel movement. An engine producing a higher torque tends to accelerate faster.

• Towing capacity –

  Towing requires a considerable amount of power, regardless of the load's weight or size. An engine with a higher torque is capable of lifting heavy loads systematically and securely.

• Climbing hills –

  The vehicle must be capable of navigating rough roads, and torque ensures this. Higher torque enables the vehicle to navigate over mud, rocks, or other obstacles that would otherwise impede its movement.

• Fuel efficiency –

  As torque directly impacts engine performance, it consequently plays a role in fuel efficiency. A high-torque engine is able to deliver optimal performance even at lower RPMs, keeping fuel consumption and costs in check.

What Is the Difference Between Torque and Horsepower?

Torque vs horsepower in truck engines is a common topic of discussion about an engine’s specifications. They are interconnected yet distinct.

The torque is the rotational force that enables the vehicle to function. It is described as the measure of the work an engine can do.

Horsepower is a measure of the work an engine can do over time. This means horsepower also takes time into account, making it a more comprehensive measure of power.

Summing It Up

Torque is the force that causes an object to rotate around its centre of rotation. It is a popular concept in physics, with applications ranging from opening a nut and bolt to the operation of an internal combustion engine.

Torque, in the context of an engine, refers to the rotational force that enables the vehicle to function, ranging from acceleration to towing heavy loads. It is calculated by multiplying force with distance. It can be expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).

Several factors influence an engine’s torque, including engine size, piston length, and the reliability of other engine components. An engine with higher torque is preferred as it allows for faster acceleration, better towing capacity, enhanced off-road performance, and improved fuel efficiency.

We at Tata Motors Nepal understand the impact of torque on vehicle performance and operational efficiency. We pay close attention to the designing and engineering their engines to generate optimum torque.

FAQs

How much torque does a truck need for towing?

The torque a truck needs for towing differs depending on the weight of the loads and other operational conditions.

What is the purpose of torque?

Torque provides the engine with the necessary force for proper functioning.

Can torque affect fuel efficiency in trucks?

Yes, torque can affect fuel efficiency in trucks.